OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) in the treatment of severe extremity trauma and prospect its clinical application prospects. METHODS: Based on the existing literature, this study elaborated on the pathological mechanism and adverse effects of post-traumatic lymphatic drainage disorder, systematically sorted out the clinical research cases and therapeutic effects of LVA in the treatment of severe extremity trauma, and analyzed the limitations of the current clinical application of LVA. RESULTS: Severe extremity trauma can cause extensive disruption of superficial and deep lymphatic vessels, which exacerbates post-traumatic limb swelling in the early stage and easily progresses to chronic lymphedema in the long term, thus hindering the process of wound repair and reducing patients' quality of life. Existing small-sample clinical studies and cases have confirmed that LVA can effectively reconstruct the lymphatic drainage pathway and exert a definite therapeutic effect on post-traumatic lymphedema. However, this technique is still in the early stage of clinical application, with unsolved problems including no consensus on the optimal application timing, incompletely elucidated underlying mechanism of action, and relatively high technical threshold. CONCLUSION: LVA exhibits important clinical application potential in the treatment of severe extremity trauma, and can serve as an effective method for clinically controlling limb swelling caused by post-traumatic lymphatic stasis. In the future, research should focus on the early therapeutic application of LVA for extremity trauma, clarify its optimal intervention timing and indications, optimize the treatment regimen by combining with traditional detumescence measures, so as to further enhance its clinical value in the treatment of severe extremity trauma. 目的: 综述淋巴静脉吻合术（lymphaticovenous anastomosis，LVA）治疗严重肢体创伤的研究进展，并展望其临床应用前景。. 方法: 基于现有文献，阐述创伤后淋巴回流障碍的病理机制及其不良影响，系统梳理LVA治疗严重肢体创伤的临床研究案例与治疗效果，同时分析当前LVA临床应用存在的局限性。. 结果: 严重肢体创伤可导致广泛深浅层淋巴管断裂，早期加剧创伤后肢体肿胀，远期易进展为慢性淋巴水肿，阻碍创伤修复进程，降低患者生活质量。现有小样本临床研究及案例证实，LVA能有效重建淋巴回流通路，对创伤后淋巴水肿具有确切治疗效果。但该技术目前仍处于临床应用早期阶段，存在应用时机尚未形成共识、深层作用机制未完全阐明、技术门槛较高等问题。. 结论: LVA在严重肢体创伤治疗中展现出重要的临床应用潜力，可作为临床控制创伤后淋巴液瘀滞所致肢体肿胀的有效手段。未来需聚焦LVA在肢体创伤中的早期治疗研究，明确其最佳干预时机与适应证，联合传统消肿措施优化治疗方案，进一步提升其在严重肢体创伤治疗中的临床价值。.