The association of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) control level with hypertension onset in children was still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between AIP control levels and risk of childhood hypertension. We obtained data from 12,800 students participating in a national, multi-center, school-based health lifestyle intervention program aimed at combating obesity. AIP was calculated using the formula log10(TG/HDL-C), and was categorized into five clusters based on baseline and 1 year follow-up values. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression models were employed to explore both linear and nonlinear associations between AIP control and hypertension risk. Of the 12,800 students, 830 (6.5%) developed hypertension within 1 year. Compared to the group with optimal AIP control (Class 1), students in Class 4 with poor AIP control (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.31-2.33; p < 0.001), and those in Class 5 with the worst AIP control (OR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.69-3.50; p < 0.001), had higher incidences of hypertension. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between AIP control and hypertension risk overall, and in Class 4 (p for nonlinear <0.05). However, the association was linear in the other classes (p for nonlinear >0.05). In conclusion, the level of AIP control was associated with the incidence of hypertension in children and adolescents.