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Cross-domain transfer learning strategy enhances interpretability of deep learning model explanations.

📚 期刊: Scientific reports 📅 发表: 0000-00-00 🔬 PMID: 42342760 🔗 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-59076-8 👁️ 浏览: 0

👤 作者: Zannini M, Hammer A, Malberg H, Schmidt M

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📝 摘要

Clinical decision-making increasingly relies on deep neural networks (DNNs), yet their deployment in practice requires transparent and interpretable predictions. Explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) methods can identify input regions relevant to a model's decision, but their clinical interpretability remains limited. In this study, we investigated whether inductive transfer learning (TL) can reinforce domain-specific feature separation in xECGArch, a two-branch convolutional neural network for atrial fibrillation (AF) detection from electrocardiograms (ECGs). Each branch was pre-trained on a task aligned with its designated feature domain, P wave detection for morphology and RR interval variability prediction for rhythm, then fine-tuned on binary AF classification using an iterative layer freezing schedule. Deep Taylor decomposition (DTD) was applied to analyze explanations across all configurations. Fine-tuning accuracy ranged from 85.70% to 95.23%, remaining comparable to the original xECGArch architecture and previous TL-based approaches. However, DTD analysis demonstrated that morphology pre-training directed relevance toward P waves, whereas rhythm pre-training concentrated explanations on R peaks, with domain specificity increasing as more layers were frozen. These findings suggest that inductive TL can encourage domain-specific feature attribution in DNNs, improving the alignment of post-hoc explanations with clinically meaningful ECG regions.
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