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Environmental risk factors and cardiovascular health.

📚 期刊: Eur Heart J 📅 发表: 2026-01-01 🔬 PMID: 42095252 🔗 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag270 👁️ 浏览: 13

👤 作者: Piepoli Massimo, Weidinger Franz, Aboyans Victor, Abreu Ana, Andersen Zorana Jovanovic, Baneras Jordi, Carugno Michele, Cerbai Elisabetta, Castelvecchio Serenella, Daiber Andreas, Forastiere Francesco, Gevaert Sofie, Guida Gianluigi, Hahad Omar, Hoffmann Barbara, Kuzma Lukasz, Lelieveld Jos, Mannucci Pier Mannuccio, Montgomery Hugh, Newby David E, Nieuwenhuijsen Mark, Papadakis Michael, Parati Gianfranco, Renzi Matteo, Röösli Martin, Schnabel Renate B, van Laake Linda W, Van Linthout Sophie, Sørensen Mette, Stafoggia Massimo, Traykov Vassil, Vaartjes Ilonca, Lüscher Thomas, Miller Mark R, Münzel Thomas

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📝 摘要

Environmental risk factors-air pollution, noise, heat, chemical contamination, and light pollution-are increasingly recognized as key contributors to cardiovascular disease but remain underrepresented in clinical guidelines and public health strategies. This comprehensive review, developed under the auspices of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), synthesizes current evidence on the cardiovascular consequences of environmental exposures. Building on prior ESC recommendations on air pollution, the consensus statement extends the focus to include climate change, urban heat islands, chemical pollutants, noise, and light pollution, highlighting their shared pathophysiological mechanisms: oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and circadian disruption. Epidemiological and experimental studies confirm that these exposures exacerbate the incidence of coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, arrhythmias, and hypertension-even at levels below existing regulatory thresholds. It is proposed the exposome framework as a conceptual tool to understand the cumulative lifetime impact of environmental hazards on cardiovascular health. Special attention is given to vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, and patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. The document outlines urgent research needs, such as the need for high-resolution exposure data, exploration of gene-environment interactions and molecular pathways, and the development of real-world and mechanistic studies assessing interventions. Mitigation strategies are discussed across individual, clinical, and policy levels, with a call for heart-healthy urban design, stricter emissions legislation, and equitable access to clean environments. Cardiologists are uniquely positioned to advocate for environmental cardiovascular health, bridging the gap between science, clinical care, and policy. This statement aims to accelerate that translation by raising awareness and promoting action across disciplines.
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