Pharmacological Insights and Clinical Challenges of Wenxin Keli in Arrhythmia Treatment.
J, F., Y, L., G, X., M, L., Y, C., L, X., Y, D., H, H., & Y, L. (2026). Pharmacological Insights and Clinical Challenges of Wenxin Keli in Arrhythmia Treatment.. Anatolian journal of cardiology. https://doi.org/10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2026.5694
J F, Y L, G X, M L, Y C, L X, et al. Pharmacological Insights and Clinical Challenges of Wenxin Keli in Arrhythmia Treatment.. Anatolian journal of cardiology. 2026; doi: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2026.5694
J F, Y L, G X, et al. Pharmacological Insights and Clinical Challenges of Wenxin Keli in Arrhythmia Treatment.[J]. Anatolian journal of cardiology. 2026. DOI: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2026.5694.
@article{j2026,
author = {Fu J and Li Y and Xu G and Li M and Chen Y and Xia L and Ding Y and Hu H and Lai Y},
title = {Pharmacological Insights and Clinical Challenges of Wenxin Keli in Arrhythmia Treatment.},
journal = {Anatolian journal of cardiology},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2026.5694},
note = {PMID: 42504903},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Fu J AU - Li Y AU - Xu G AU - Li M AU - Chen Y AU - Xia L AU - Ding Y AU - Hu H AU - Lai Y TI - Pharmacological Insights and Clinical Challenges of Wenxin Keli in Arrhythmia Treatment. T2 - Anatolian journal of cardiology PY - 2026 DO - 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2026.5694 AN - PMID:42504903 ER -
Cardiac arrhythmias remain a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although conventional antiarrhythmic drugs are effective, their use is constrained by proarrhythmic risks and extracardiac toxicity. Wenxin Keli (WXKL), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has demonstrated antiarrhythmic properties in preclinical and clinical studies with a reportedly favorable safety profile. This article provides a critical synthesis of WXKL's pharmacological mechanisms, including ion channel modulation (INa, ICaL, Ito), calcium handling, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signaling, with explicit appraisal of translational limitations. Clinical trial evidence and meta-analyses for atrial fibrillation (AF), premature ventricular contractions, and other indications were systematically evaluated, with detailed discussion of effect sizes, heterogeneity, and methodological quality. Key challenges unique to WXKL as a TCM-derived product-formulation variability, quality control limitations, and regulatory approval pathways-are analyzed in depth. A prioritized research agenda is proposed to address evidence gaps. *These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.