Body mass index and dyslipidemia influence responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.
SH, C., LE, L., ZL, H., K, H., W, J., PR, D., & CZ, Z. (2026). Body mass index and dyslipidemia influence responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.. Annals of medicine. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2026.2624219
SH C, LE L, ZL H, K H, W J, PR D, et al. Body mass index and dyslipidemia influence responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.. Annals of medicine. 2026; doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2624219
SH C, LE L, ZL H, et al. Body mass index and dyslipidemia influence responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.[J]. Annals of medicine. 2026. DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2624219.
@article{sh2026,
author = {Chen SH and Liao LE and Hou ZL and Han K and Jiang W and Ding PR and Zhang CZ},
title = {Body mass index and dyslipidemia influence responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.},
journal = {Annals of medicine},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1080/07853890.2026.2624219},
note = {PMID: 42638413},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Chen SH AU - Liao LE AU - Hou ZL AU - Han K AU - Jiang W AU - Ding PR AU - Zhang CZ TI - Body mass index and dyslipidemia influence responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. T2 - Annals of medicine PY - 2026 DO - 10.1080/07853890.2026.2624219 AN - PMID:42638413 ER -
BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the primary risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) development, but the impact of obesity on therapeutic responses to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in CRC remains unclear. This retrospective study investigates relationships between body mass index (BMI), dyslipidemia, and clinical characteristics in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-treated CRC patients, while analyzing associated metabolic variations. METHODS: Progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed in CRC patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy, categorized by BMI and dyslipidemia status. Comprehensive lipidomic profiling was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to identify metabolic mechanisms underlying therapeutic responses. RESULTS: This study enrolled 142 CRC patients who completed ≥ 2 cycles of anti-PD-1 therapy. Patients with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 (overweight per Chinese criteria) showed significantly longer PFS compared to normal BMI counterparts (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed BMI as an independent prognostic factor for PFS. Moreover, patients with dyslipidemia exhibited extended PFS. Additionally, lipidomic analysis revealed differential pre-treatment levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine-ether (PE-O) and carnitine between the recurrence (R) and non-recurrence (NR) groups, accompanied by an enrichment trend in glycerophospholipid metabolism. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that obesity correlates with enhanced ICIs efficacy in CRC patients, potentially mediated through glycerophospholipid metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, this association is more pronounced in the janus kinases 1/2 (JAK1/2) and β2-microglobulin (B2M) wild-type subgroup. These results support the potential utility of BMI as a predictive biomarker and highlight the need for further exploration of lipid-modulating combination therapeutic strategies.