Alferd, D., Mohamed, E.H., Amr, B., Ahmed, B., Elijah, O., Waleed, A., Magdy, A., & C, M.A. (2026). Practical Guidance on Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in the Management of Heart Failure: Expert Opinion From the Middle East and Africa Region.. Journal of the American Heart Association. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.125.043650
Alferd D, Mohamed EH, Amr B, Ahmed B, Elijah O, Waleed A, et al. Practical Guidance on Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in the Management of Heart Failure: Expert Opinion From the Middle East and Africa Region.. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2026; doi: 10.1161/JAHA.125.043650
Alferd D, Mohamed EH, Amr B, et al. Practical Guidance on Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in the Management of Heart Failure: Expert Opinion From the Middle East and Africa Region.[J]. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2026. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.125.043650.
@article{alferd2026,
author = {Doku Alferd and El-Harari Mohamed and Badr Amr and Bennis Ahmed and Ogola Elijah and Alhabeeb Waleed and Abdelhamid Magdy and Mbakwem Amam C},
title = {Practical Guidance on Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in the Management of Heart Failure: Expert Opinion From the Middle East and Africa Region.},
journal = {Journal of the American Heart Association},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1161/JAHA.125.043650},
note = {PMID: 41778534},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Doku Alferd AU - El-Harari Mohamed AU - Badr Amr AU - Bennis Ahmed AU - Ogola Elijah AU - Alhabeeb Waleed AU - Abdelhamid Magdy AU - Mbakwem Amam C TI - Practical Guidance on Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in the Management of Heart Failure: Expert Opinion From the Middle East and Africa Region. T2 - Journal of the American Heart Association PY - 2026 DO - 10.1161/JAHA.125.043650 AN - PMID:41778534 ER -
The 2023 focused update of the European Society of Cardiology 2021 guidelines reviewed the latest scientific evidence and provided recommendations for the guideline-directed medical therapy for the treatment of heart failure. The class IA level of recommendation for SGLT2i (sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor) in heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction is of considerable relevance in clinical practice. With a marked increase in the overall burden of heart failure and associated risk factors in the Middle East and Africa region, it is crucial to devise a standardized plan for diagnosis and treatment that accounts for epidemiological nuances, the current evidence on newer treatments, and the health care infrastructure available in the region. A group of 45 cardiologists, moderated by 9 experts from the Middle East and Africa region, reviewed the 2023 focused update of the European Society of Cardiology 2021 guidelines in the context of the current state of guideline-directed medical therapy-guided clinical practice. The experts also shared their perspectives on challenges and strategies to overcome for a successful implementation of guideline-directed medical therapy, particularly SGLT2i, in line with the focused update, for management of heart failure in their respective region/country. Here we present (1) a brief review of the existing literature on the latest burden of disease from the region, (2) a short overview of diagnosis and clinical characteristics of heart failure, (3) a review of the clinical evidence leading to the 2023 update of the European Society of Cardiology 2021 guidelines, and (4) a discussion of the current state and opportunities for implementation of guideline-directed medical therapy-guided clinical practice in the region.