Prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis.
D, D., S, L., S, H., N, A., Y, S., & F, L. (2026). Prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis.. Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03728-6
D D, S L, S H, N A, Y S, F L. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis.. Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung. 2026; doi: 10.1007/s11325-026-03728-6
D D, S L, S H, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis.[J]. Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung. 2026. DOI: 10.1007/s11325-026-03728-6.
@article{d2026,
author = {Du D and Liu S and He S and An N and Shen Y and Luo F},
title = {Prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis.},
journal = {Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1007/s11325-026-03728-6},
note = {PMID: 42260027},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Du D AU - Liu S AU - He S AU - An N AU - Shen Y AU - Luo F TI - Prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis. T2 - Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung PY - 2026 DO - 10.1007/s11325-026-03728-6 AN - PMID:42260027 ER -
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of sleep apnea (SA) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). METHODS: Eligible studies were screened and selected from four databases. The pooled prevalence of SA in HCM was calculated and presented as proportion with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Comparison of clinical characteristics between HCM patients with or without SA was then assessed and presented as mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) with 95%CI. Sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses and meta-regression were then applied for heterogeneity assessment. RESULTS: Eight studies with 3,922 HCM patients was included, revealing an SA prevalence of 53% (95% CI 39%, 67%). HCM patients with SA were associated with older age (MD 8.91, 95% CI 7.28, 10.54), male (OR 1.59, 95%CI 1.30, 1.95). elevated body mass index (MD 2.59, 95%CI 1.36, 3.81), smoking (OR 1.86, 95%CI 1.39, 2.49), hypertension (OR 2.54, 95%CI 2.06, 3.14), diabetes (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.31, 3.13) and atrial fibrillation (OR 1.96, 95%CI 1.51, 2.54). Echocardiographic findings revealed that HCM with SA was associated with reduced interventricular septum thickness (MD -1.25, 95%CI -2.44, -0.06), increased left atrial diameter (MD 1.48, 95%CI 0.49, 2.47) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (MD 2.81, 95%CI 1.99, 3.62). Additionally, HCM patients with SA showed increased application of hypertensive drugs, and application of calcium channel blockers was identified as source of heterogeneity in meta-regression. CONCLUSION: SA is highly prevalent in HCM, and HCM patients with comorbid SA exhibit distinct baseline characteristics, cardiac structure and drug application.