Migration of Cardiac Cells: Hot Topics that have not Attracted Clinical Attention.

摘要

Cell migration plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly in the development and repair of cardiac diseases. It is a complex, multi-step process involving different mechanisms and cell types. This review summarizes the roles of cardiac cell migration in cardiac immune responses, myocardial regeneration, and chronic inflammation. Specifically, we explore how cardiac cells promote repair and regeneration following myocardial injury through migration. In addition, the article reviews the impact of cell migration on processes such as angiogenesis and fibrosis, which are crucial for myocardial repair and pathological states. Due to the complexity of intercellular interactions, signaling pathways, and microenvironmental factors, understanding cardiac cell migration remains a significant challenge. Further research into these migratory mechanisms will help uncover their pathological roles in cardiac diseases and provide new therapeutic approaches for cardiac repair and regeneration. This review also highlights the migratory mechanisms of major cardiac cell types and examines the regulatory roles of chemokines in these processes. Furthermore, we discuss how cardiac cells engage in localized migration under different disease conditions, thereby contributing to the heart's self-repair.