Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
D, K.T., M, I.G., P, N., P, K., E, B., A, G., D, K., T, D., & M, O. (2026). Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.. International journal of molecular sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27167473
D KT, M IG, P N, P K, E B, A G, et al. Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.. International journal of molecular sciences. 2026; doi: 10.3390/ijms27167473
D KT, M IG, P N, et al. Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.[J]. International journal of molecular sciences. 2026. DOI: 10.3390/ijms27167473.
@article{d2026,
author = {Koleva-Tyutyundzhieva D and Ilieva-Gerova M and Nyagolova P and Konsulova P and Babadzhanova E and Georgiev A and Kansara D and Deneva T and Orbetzova M},
title = {Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.3390/ijms27167473},
note = {PMID: 42653473},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Koleva-Tyutyundzhieva D AU - Ilieva-Gerova M AU - Nyagolova P AU - Konsulova P AU - Babadzhanova E AU - Georgiev A AU - Kansara D AU - Deneva T AU - Orbetzova M TI - Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. T2 - International journal of molecular sciences PY - 2026 DO - 10.3390/ijms27167473 AN - PMID:42653473 ER -
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine-metabolic disorder frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) and increased cardiovascular risk. Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) are circulating biomarkers reflecting immune activation and endothelial dysfunction, respectively. However, their differential associations with IR in PCOS, particularly in the context of central obesity, remain incompletely understood. This cross-sectional study included 80 women with PCOS stratified according to waist-to-height ratio (WHtR > 0.50 vs. ≤0.50). Clinical, metabolic, hormonal, inflammatory, and endothelial parameters were evaluated. Correlation and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify independent determinants of circulating sCD40L and sE-selectin. Women with central obesity exhibited significantly higher fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and sE-selectin concentrations, together with lower HDL cholesterol. No significant differences were observed in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), or sCD40L. In adjusted regression models, fasting glucose independently predicted sCD40L (β = -0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.50 to -0.04, p = 0.020), whereas fasting insulin emerged as the strongest determinant of sE-selectin (β = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.65, p < 0.001). These findings suggest distinct associations of immune and endothelial biomarkers with IR in PCOS. Assessment of sCD40L and sE-selectin may provide complementary information for early cardiometabolic risk stratification in affected women.